How to adjust frequency parameters based on the results of processing.

For laser marking machine users, he explains how to adjust the frequency parameters by observing the processing effects.The content includes analysis of the effects of frequency on the marking process, suggested parameters for different materials, and practical methods for adjusting frequency based on direct observation of phenomena such as ablation depth and clarity of marking, to help operators quickly optimize processing quality.

Why does frequency affect the marking effect?

The frequency parameters of a laser marking machine determine the density of the laser pulses.A simple analogy would be to imagine using a pen to draw on a piece of paper. At high frequencies, the laser is like a pen rapidly and repeatedly touching the paper, which can produce a smooth line but may burn through the paper. At low frequencies, the laser is like a pen making dots at greater intervals, which is more suitable for special effects that require the texture of the material to be preserved.Most of the problems that people encounter with the marks being unclear, the material being burned, and the depth being uneven, are related to the frequency setting.

From a processing phenomenon, we can work backwards to a frequency problem.

Symptom 1: The label has turned yellow or burned.

When there are burn marks on the metal surface, it is usually because the frequency is too high, resulting in energy buildup.At this moment, you can try lowering the frequency in 5kHz increments to see if the ablated area becomes more uniform.Remember to reduce power (say by 10 %) to get better results.

Phenomenon 2: Broken lines.

When marking plastic, if the marks come out as dotted lines, this is often due to the marking frequency not keeping up with the scanning speed.In particular, when processing curved surfaces, it is recommended that you first check the galvanometer speed parameters, and then increase the "current frequency × 1.2" by three stages.

Phenomenon 3: Inconsistent depth.

In the case of non-homogeneous materials like wood and leather, if there are areas that are obviously sunken and other areas where the material is not cut through, it may be necessary to use the dynamic frequency mode.Now most mainstream controllers support automatic adjustment of the refresh rate based on the image's grayscale, just like the auto-focus on a camera phone.

The four-step method of real combat adjustment.

1. First, use scrap material to test the marking. Use three different frequencies to make comparative marks.

2. Use the macro lens on a cell phone to take a close-up of the details, and check the sharpness of the edges and the color of the material.

3. Adjust from the median value (for example, 20 kHz).

4. After the best parameters are fixed, batch verification is done at the same power.

When dealing with unusual materials, don't panic. Last year, when I was working with a glassware factory to adjust the frequency for melting glass, I discovered that setting the frequency in the range of 15-18 kHz would prevent thermal stress cracks.This shows that each material has its own "comfort zone," and after a few experiments you can find the sweet spot.

A commonly overlooked variable.

When making adjustments to the frequency, don't go it alone. Remember to check the three partners in crime: 1.

- Spacing: When the frequency is raised, it is suggested to reduce the spacing to avoid overlap of the burnout region.

- Delay time: When using high frequencies, it is necessary to increase the pause between different trajectories.

- Focus position: During deep carving, a lower frequency is needed to ensure the energy penetrates.

Finally, we remind you that you should re-calibrate the frequency each time you change materials or when the seasonal temperature difference is large.Just as cars need regular servicing, laser equipment needs to be adjusted to fit changing environmental conditions.