Etching Stainless Steel

The article explains how to achieve clear, lasting marks on stainless steel by using laser marking and electrolytic marking techniques, and offers practical tips for users on how to overcome problems in the marking process.

Why is it that the oxide layer is so prone to problems?

It is a simple process, but in practice it often leads to blurred or faded markings or even damage to the stainless steel.This is most often due to uneven thickness of the oxide layer, improper setting of the parameters for the marking process, or mismatched equipment.For example, if the laser power is too high it will burn through the oxide layer, but if it is too low it will not be able to produce the desired color. The key is to find a balance point.

Preparing for the branding.

Don't be lazy about cleaning the surface.

Even fingerprints or oil stains invisible to the naked eye can affect the quality of the marking.Clean the surface with alcohol or a specialized cleaner, and wipe dry with a lint-free cloth.If this first step is not done well, all the fine operations that follow may come to naught.

Test parameters Don't be afraid of complexity.

The thickness of the oxide layer varies greatly from brand to brand, so we recommend that you test the process on scrap metal first.For example, when laser marking, they start at a low power (say 20W) and gradually increase it, observing the results until the mark is clear but does not damage the substrate.

Two methods of tagging.

Laser marking: High efficiency, but high cost.

Currently, fiber lasers are the mainstream choice, and are suitable for mass production.The advantages are high precision and no contact, and the markings are permanent.But the price of the equipment is high, and small workshops may not be able to afford it.When operating, be sure to adjust the focus, and be careful not to cause the laser energy to scatter due to reflection of the material.

Electrolytic marking: Appropriate for detailed markings on small areas.

In this technique, an electrolyte and an electrical current are used to etch text into the oxide layer. This technique is suitable for situations where a high degree of surface smoothness is required.The cost is low, but the time of electrolysis is controlled manually, and novices are prone to over-corrode the pieces.He suggests that beginners practice on scrap wood first so they can master the relationship between time and depth.

A little trick to extend the life of your marker.

Don't rush to finish up after you have finished marking. First use a soft brush to brush away any remaining fragments. Then apply a layer of transparent protective coating (such as epoxy resin) to effectively prevent wear and tear from daily use.If the item will be used outdoors, it's best to choose one with a coating that is resistant to ultraviolet rays, so that the color won't fade.

What to do when a problem arises?

If the mark appears yellow or blurred, it is probably because the oxide layer was not completely penetrated.Try slowing down the marking speed to concentrate the energy.If the edges are rough after electrolytic engraving, check the concentration of the electrolytic fluid, or try using a finer electrode tip.